在英语中,“umbrella”后接的介词需根据具体语境选择,常见搭配及用法如下:
一、核心介词搭配
-
under the umbrella of
- 含义:表示“在…的庇护/保护下”或“在…的框架/范围内”。
- 例句:
- Many small businesses operateunder the umbrella of a larger corporation.
(许多小企业在大型企业的庇护下运作。) - The project fallsunder the umbrella of environmental protection initiatives.
(该项目属于环保倡议的范畴。)
- Many small businesses operateunder the umbrella of a larger corporation.
-
with
- 含义:表示“携带雨伞”的动作或情形。
- 例句:
- She always goes outwith an umbrella in rainy seasons.
(雨季时她总是带着雨伞出门。) - Don’t forget to takean umbrella with you.
(别忘了随身带伞。)
- She always goes outwith an umbrella in rainy seasons.
-
over
- 含义:表示雨伞覆盖的位置(如头顶上方),常见于描述动作。
- 例句:
- He held the umbrellaover her head to shield her from the sun.
(他将伞举过她的头顶,为她遮挡阳光。)
- He held the umbrellaover her head to shield her from the sun.
二、扩展用法与场景
-
against(隐含用法)
- 含义:虽不直接接在“umbrella”后,但可通过动词短语表达“用伞抵御某物”(如风雨)。
- 例句:
- The umbrella protected heragainst the heavy rain.
(雨伞为她挡住了大雨。)
- The umbrella protected heragainst the heavy rain.
-
of(抽象关联)
- 含义:用于描述伞的归属或属性,常见于复合词或专有名词。
- 例句:
- Theribs of the umbrella are made of durable fiberglass.
(伞骨由耐用的玻璃纤维制成。)
- Theribs of the umbrella are made of durable fiberglass.
三、搭配注意事项
-
冠词选择:
- “umbrella”以元音音标开头,前需用“an”(如an umbrella)。
-
固定短语:
- umbrella term(涵盖性术语)、umbrella fund(伞子基金)等专业短语需整体记忆。
-
与近义词区分:
- “parasol”特指遮阳伞(可能不防水),“umbrella”涵盖雨伞和遮阳伞。
最常用搭配为under the umbrella of(抽象保护)和with an umbrella(携带动作)。具体选择需结合语境,如物理位置、抽象关系或动作描述。